Social peace in Iraq after 2003: a study of challenges and Methods of treatment

Abstract

Iraqi society has historically been characterized despite its diverse religious, social and sectarian fabric, by
a state of peaceful coexistence, except for a few cases due to interference from outside forces.It was due to
several historical, social and cultural factors, the most prominent of which is the common civilizational
heritage of ancient civilizations that were based on intellectual, social and legal principles. It united the
Iraqis in a single identity, on the one hand, and into the Arab-Islamic civilization, based on the principles of
unification, cooperation, and tolerance.The American invasion in 2003 produced sectarian rupture and
societal disintegration by creating a mosaic community divided religiously into Shiites and Sunnis, and
racially to Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen, while consolidating the manifestations of division and hatred of
enmity within a single society. If the social peace is the best solution to return the Iraqi society to a state of
security and stability, the security project faces many challenges that may hinder the efforts of the peaceful
management of societal pluralism in a manner that allows the preservation of the diverse groups and spectra
inside Iraq. This is what we are trying to discuss in this research paper, focusing on the most important
obstacles to social peace and the strategy for establishing it in Iraqi society.