علاقة الفلسفة بعلم الكلام

Abstract

Through the contact of Muslims with ancient cultures and atheist
sects, it was made obvious that the Quranic text alone is not enough
sufficient to defend the Islamic religion. Thus, scholars made recourse to ʿIlm alـKalām’, i.e. “The science of discourse” or ‘Muslim
scholastic philosophy’ since it proved to be necessary to defend Islam
successfully. In this way, philosophy was integrated in the Islamic thinking by the pioneer Mu`tazila, who translated many Greek
texts. This scholarly openness gave them the opportunity to utilize
reason and rational thought. So, philosophy has played an important role in defending Islam. Today, we maintain that philosophy, in
its occidental form, is always indispensable for the rationalization
and reformalization of ‘Ilm alـKalām’ in order to keep space with the
new developments in this regard.